Improvement in cutter-head for planing-machine



@aient (dimite B. J.v BARBER, OF BALLSTON SPA, NEW YORK.

l Letters Patent No. 101,701, dated April 12, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN CUTTER-HEAD FOR PLANING-MACHINE.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making' part of the same To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, B. J. BARBER, of Ballston Spa, in the county of Saratoga and. State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Tongueing and Growing-Machines; and I do .hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the artto make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specifcation, in which- I l Figure 1 represents a face view, partly in section, of my improved grooving-head.

Figure 2 is an edge view of the same. Figure 3 is a face view, partly in section, of my improved tongue-head. i

Figure 4 is an edge view of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

This invention relates to a new manner of arranging the cutters on .the heads of tongueing and groovinge A machines, with a. view of preventing the tearing of the ,wooden ber, and the consequent cracking of the wood,

which is frequently `occasioned on lthe ordinary machines now in use.

In the ordinary machines, the cutters on the heads were shaped with their edges in conformity with the edge to be produced on the wood, the whole edge of each cutter extendingthe entire width of the plank to be tongued r grooved, and it frequently happened, especially on not well-seasoned lumber, that the cuttercmcked and split the wood.H

In order to overcome this, I have so arranged my cutters that they -will whittle the wood gradually down tothe desired edge, and have made separate cutters for each edge, so tht one cutter will only act on a portion of the edge of the wood, and not at the saine tiine-as the others act on 'the same edge. One of my cutters will, therefore, even if it would not have the whittling action, be unable to crack the wood, as it only acts on a small portion of the edge, not taking in the whole'width of the board.A

A in the drawing represents the head, carrying the cutters;

The head for grooving carries three sets of cutters, B, C and D. There are four (or more or less) of each kind on each head.

Those, B and D, for planing ofI the outer edge of the wood, are or may be set opposite each other, that is to say, in pairs, as shown in Iig. 2. while each cut-v ter of the central grooving set C is set ont of line with the others, so that it will not act on the same portion of the edge of the wood lat the same time when the others are in operation. Thus, each 'ofthe outer cutters B and D acts independently on a portion of the edge near the face of the board, while the central cutter also acts independently to make the groove.

In the same manner arethe cutters E F G arranged on the tongueinghead, shown in figs. 3 and 4.-

In this case, I prefer to also. set the outer cutters E G out of line, as in g. 4, so that they may not at the same time work ou the recess cut by them, and, therefore,vnot strain the tongue produced by them, while tlie middle cutter l?, which only serves to plane the edge of the tongue, may, without injury, be ret in line with one of the outer cutters, and may even be attached'to one of the. same.

The cutters are all, with the exception of the one for planing the tongue, hook-shaped, their outer edges receding but slightly from the line of the, circle described by their cutting-edges, as shown in the drawing. They are set with their shanks, c a, into grooves,

'7), produced on the faces of the head, and are fastened by means of clamping-plates, c, that are, by means of screws or bolts, d, secured to the faces of the head, as shown. Each cutter can therefore be adjusted without taking anything apart, by merely slackening some of the screws d. e

The central cutters O are fitted into grooves of the split head, as shown, and clamped by the two parts of the head. v

4Having thus described my invention,

What I' claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,'is-

A series of curved Vside knives .B D and central knives O, of unequal reach, andhaving their Shanks, a, arranged on the rotating cutter-stock Ain grooves b, and clamped by the plates c c, all as shown and described.

B. J BARBER.

Witnesses:

DAVID MAXWELL, WM. T. ODELL. 

